Python Math

Python Math

Python has a set of built-in math functions, including an extensive math module, that allows you to perform mathematical tasks on numbers.

Built-in Math Functions

The min() and max() functions can be used to find the lowest or highest value in an iterable:

x = min(5, 10, 25)
y = max(5, 10, 25)

print(x)
print(y)

The abs() Function

The abs() function returns the absolute (positive) value of the specified number:

x = abs(-7.25)
print(x)

The pow() Function

The pow(x, y) function returns the value of x to the power of y (x^y):

x = pow(4, 3)
print(x)

The Math Module

Python has also a built-in module called math, which extends the list of mathematical functions. To use it, you must import the math module:

import math

x = math.sqrt(64)
print(x)

Math Methods

The math.ceil() method rounds a number upwards to its nearest integer, and the math.floor() method rounds a number downwards to its nearest integer, and returns the result:

import math

x = math.ceil(1.4)
y = math.floor(1.4)

print(x)  # returns 2
print(y)  # returns 1

Math Constants

The math.pi constant, returns the value of PI (3.14...):

import math

x = math.pi
print(x)