Python Project Structure

Python Project Structure

Organizing your Python project properly is crucial for maintainability, collaboration, and deployment. A well-structured project makes it easier to understand, test, and deploy your application.

Basic Project Structure

Here's a recommended structure for a Python project:

myproject/
    ├── README.md
    ├── requirements.txt
    ├── .env
    ├── .gitignore
    ├── setup.py
    ├── myproject/
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── main.py
    │   ├── config.py
    │   ├── models/
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   └── user.py
    │   ├── views/
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   └── api.py
    │   └── utils/
    │       ├── __init__.py
    │       └── helpers.py
    ├── tests/
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   └── test_main.py
    └── docs/
        └── README.md

Key Files

• README.md: Project documentation and setup instructions
• requirements.txt: List of Python dependencies
• .env: Environment variables (never commit this!)
• .gitignore: Files to exclude from version control
• setup.py: Package installation configuration

requirements.txt Example

Django==4.2.0
djangorestframework==3.14.0
python-dotenv==1.0.0
psycopg2-binary==2.9.6

Best Practices

• Separate code into logical modules
• Use virtual environments
• Keep configuration separate from code
• Write tests for your code
• Document your code and project
• Use version control (Git)